Volume 10, Issue 3 (2025)
SJMR 2025, 10(3): 131-135 |
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Talebian N. A comprehensive overview of polycystic ovary syndrome. SJMR 2025; 10 (3) : 4
URL: http://saremjrm.com/article-1-375-en.html
URL: http://saremjrm.com/article-1-375-en.html
Sarem Gynecology, Obstetrics and Infertility Research Center, Sarem Women’s Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. & IVF Embryology Laboratory, Sarem Women’s Hospital.
Abstract: (16 Views)
Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disease, a common hormonal disorder in women that causes various problems such as menstrual irregularities, infertility, and excess hair growth due to an imbalance of sex hormones. Sex hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, and androgens play an important role in regulating various body processes, including fertility and regulating metabolism. When androgen hormones in women increase abnormally, ovulation is disrupted and immature follicles accumulate in the ovaries, leading to cysts and hormonal imbalances. The exact cause of this condition is not yet fully understood. However, based on available evidence, several major factors, including insulin resistance, obesity, and genetics, have been implicated as contributing factors to the development of this syndrome. It also increases the risk of type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and mental disorders such as depression.
Discussion and Conclusion: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects approximately 10% of adult women of reproductive age as well as adolescents. The syndrome is named for the large ovaries that contain many small cysts that are located in the outer layer of each ovary. If not identified and managed early, polycystic ovary syndrome can lead to more chronic problems, including type 2 diabetes, infertility, and cardiovascular disorders. According to the PCOS 2023 guidelines, treatments include a healthy lifestyle, combined oral contraceptives, metformin, eflornithine, letrozole, and clomiphene. Recently, the use of supplements, along with lifestyle modifications, can be a safe, modern, and scientific approach to managing this complex disorder. Increased AMH can also be used as a diagnostic criterion.
Discussion and Conclusion: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that affects approximately 10% of adult women of reproductive age as well as adolescents. The syndrome is named for the large ovaries that contain many small cysts that are located in the outer layer of each ovary. If not identified and managed early, polycystic ovary syndrome can lead to more chronic problems, including type 2 diabetes, infertility, and cardiovascular disorders. According to the PCOS 2023 guidelines, treatments include a healthy lifestyle, combined oral contraceptives, metformin, eflornithine, letrozole, and clomiphene. Recently, the use of supplements, along with lifestyle modifications, can be a safe, modern, and scientific approach to managing this complex disorder. Increased AMH can also be used as a diagnostic criterion.
Article number: 4
Article Type: Systematical Review |
Subject:
Sterility
Received: 2025/09/22 | Accepted: 2025/09/25 | Published: 2025/09/27
Received: 2025/09/22 | Accepted: 2025/09/25 | Published: 2025/09/27
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