Introduction
By estatblishing Dar-al-Funun as the first supreme school, modern medicine was founded in Iran. Dar-al-Funun was founded in 1859, and had a number of disciplines including medicine and pharmacy. This school, with the recruitment of foreign teachers, was a major contributor to the promotion of medical knowledge. With the establishment of Dar-al-Funun, many physicians, especially from France, traveled to Iran, and, in collaboration with medical graduates, they established some hospitals. Some of these doctors were merely practicing medicine, but others were engaged in the field of work such as Dr. Grandel who was the president of Pasteur Institute and Dr. Colonieh who was appointed to the Head of National Health Department.
General Golonieh came to Iran as an advisor on Sunday, March 6, 1932, and he attended the Interior ministry with Mr. Majd, the Supervisor of National Health Department, on the same day to be introduced to the Minister of Interior [1]. On the Tuesday of the same month, Colonieh who was the advisor of the Health Department, visited the Minister of King Court, Mr. Teymoortash, and the presentation meeting was held [2]. The offer of employment of him was presented by Dr. Malek Zadeh and the Budget Committee in the 78 session on March 17, 1932, in the National Assembly headed by Mr. Ali Akbar Dadgar. And the bill on the employment of Dr. Colonieh based on the provision of the laws, was issued on November 15, 1932 with a salary of 13152 Tomans per year. After discussing the bill and obtaining the majority consent, with 79 votes out of 90 present delegates, the parliament members agreed to hire him [3].
Dr. Colonieh spent some time studying the health condition and presented a report on these studies to the Ministry of Interior on Martch 31, 1932 [4-10]. Two days later, a commission composed of representatives from the National Health Department, Tehran Municipality, and Army and the presence of Dr. Colonieh, Head of National Health Department and Deputy Minister of Interior was held. In the Ministry of the Interior, a description of his travel to Damavand and the investigation of mineral waters were presented. After the closure of the meeting, Dr. Colonieh presented his report to the Minister of King Court at the presence of Minister of Interior [5]. Afterwards, Colonieh began his career at the head of healthcare organization.

Figure 1) Law of permission for hiring one of French citizens as the head of Iran National Health Department

This article is about Dr. Colonieh`s report from 1931 to 1932. The author attempts to write a book about the results of this report on the national health status of Iran in this period and present it to scholars. Therefore, in the following article, only materials related to the health of women and children will be studied and the other issues in the report and document of this period will be presented in the book in details.

Figure 2) Dr. Colonieh

Central organization of National Health department
- Mirza Seyed Khan Majdi, Gaurdian of National Health Department
- Mirza Seyed Ebrahim Khan Olfat, Administrative Department
- Mirza Yousef Khan Kafi, head of the cabinet and Mirza Javad Molavi, Secretary of the calculating service
- Mirza Mostafa Naser, Director of Computing and Mr. Mirza Javad Moulavi, Deputy and 3 other members
-In the field of technical affairs: Dr. Yousef Bozorgmehr (Azim-al-Saltaneh), Head of the Technical Bereua and Sheikh Mohamad Shahrad in charge of statistics
-Personnel and Audit Department: Dr. Reza Sehat Hakimzadeh, Head of Personnel and Audit of National Health Department and Dr. Ali Amir Hekmat, the Inspector of National Health Department
State Hospitals: Dr. Ali Parto Azam, Head of State Hospital; Dr. Abbas Loghman Adham, Head of Medical Section; Dr. Mohammad Khalatbari, Head of Surgery Section; Dr. Enayat Allah Farzad, Head of Medical Polyclinic; Dr. Seyed Mehdi Torfeh, Head of Surgery Polyclinic; Dr. Amir Amirian, Deputy of Medical Section; Dr. Abolghasem Rasooli, Head of Laboratory; Dr. Habib Adl, Head of Radiography Service; Dr. Mohammad Hessabi, Radiography Service Provider; Dr. Mohsen Siah, Dentist of State Hospital
Midwifery School: Dr. Alim-al-Molk Farahmandi, Head of School and Teacher of Healthcare; Dr. Amir Alam, honorary professor of anatomy; Dr. Alam-al-Molk, instructor of general diseases; Dr. Hakim Azam, instructor of physiology; Dr. Moaven, Maternal section; Ms. Ezat-al-Molk Hessabi, Supervisor.
Vaziri Hospital: Dr. Mahdi Malekzadeh, Head of Vaziri Hospital; Dr. MirBagher, Head of Surgery Section; Dr. Echete Stinaf, Head of Medical Section; Dr. Seyeh Ab-al-Vahab Sohrabi, Head of Polyclinic; Dr. Yahya Mirza Shams Malekara, Head of Optometry Service; Dr. Khosro Pourmokhtari, Deputy of Surgery Section
Women`s Hospital: Dr. Hossein Khan, Deputy of Internal Medicine; Ms. Eini Najm Abadi, Deputy of Interior Affairs; Ms. Noor Afagh Malek, Head of outside clinic; Maryam Fahimi and Badram Kamali, midwives
Pasteur Institute: Dr. Grandel, Director of the Pasteur Institute; Dr. Mashoof, in charge of Serological Unit; Dr. Hasan Mirdamadi, in charge of vaccination; Dr. Ahmad Najm Abadi, Chemical Department; Dr. Mehdi Zolriasatein, operator; Teymoor Mirza Dolatshahi, in charge of providing smallpox vaccine; Mr. Shokoohi, translator and accountant
Hospitals in about 1932
Quarantine of Ghasr-e-Shirin: The building of this hospital was completed after 2 years in 1931, and the hotel and the laboratory doctor`s home had been completed, so that the comfort of the passengers was fully provided [4-10].
Women`s Hospital: Dr. Abolghasem Bakhtiarpour, Head of Women`s Hospital
Children`s Hospital: For the establishment of this hospital, a budget which had been gathered in the feasts and parties were allocated for building a construction for this purpose in the Women`s Hospital. However, the construction was unfinished since the funds were not enough. In 1931, the National Health Department provided the budget and completed the mentioned building.
Provincial and regional health providers in 1932
Physicians around Tehran
-Shahriar: Dr. Mehdi Bani Hashemi
Saveh: Seyeh Hasan Eftekhar and Abolghasem Rahnama
Sharifghar and Fashafooye: Dr. Nosrat Allah
Firoozkooh: Younes Heidarzadeh
Damavand and Roodehen: Habib Allah Zand
Garmsar: Dr. Mirza Abbas Hafezi Khar
Varamin and Emamzadeh Jafar: Dr. Mohammad Mojarab
Varamin: Seyed Yahya Seyel-al-Hokama
Shemiranat: Moosa Hazeghi
Kan: Seyed Hassan Tabatabai, Mirza Hassan Pezeshki
Savojbolagh: Mirza Mohammad Baktash
Azerbaijan
Tabriz: Dr. Seyed Mohammad Moosavi, Gaurdian of National Health Department
Ardebil: Mirza Mohammad Hassan Shams, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality, and Mirza Asad Allah Moshir, Doctor of Municipality
Oroomieh: Dr. Mohammad Ali Rashedi, Doctor of National Health Department
Maragheh: Dr. Abdolsamad Farhood; Doctor of Health Department of Khorasan
Khorasan
Mashhad: Dr. Hassan Eftekhari, Dr. of Health Department of Municipality; Dr. Fathali Saba, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality; Dr. Vali Allah Mozafari, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality; Dr. Alireza Etemadi, Dr. of Health Department of Municipality
Quchan: Dr. Mahmood Najm abadi, Physician of Health Department
Bojnourd: Mirza Moayed Gharashi, Physician of Health Department
Sabzevar: Dr. Ali Shamloo, Head of Health Department and Hospital; Dr. Abdolhossein Motakef, Physician of Municipality
Torbat: Alireza Ziai, Doctor of Health Deparment
Neishaboor: Dr. Abolghasem Saghafi, Doctor of Ministry of Health
Birjand: Dr. Gholam Hossein Mirza Jahanbani, Doctor of Health Department
Tarshiz: Dr. Emad-al-Din Khajavi, Doctor of Health Deparment
Sistan
Zahedan: Dr. Morteza Faris, Dr. of Health Department
Kerman
Kerman: Dr. Mehdi Philsophzadeh, Head of Health Department, Dr. Ali Iravani, Head of Norieh Hospital
Rafrsanjan: Mirza Abolghasem Karimi, Doctor of Health Department
Fars
Shiraz: Dr. Abolghasem Bahrami, Head of Fars and Ports Health Department; Dr. Seyed Nasir Sinai, Deputy of Health Department and Surgeon of Hospital; Dr. Fazl Allah Zahedi, Doctor of Health Department
Abadeh: Mirza Mohammad Ali Haghighat Kish, Doctor of Health Department; Behjat Vesal, Doctor of Health Department
Bushehr
Bushehr: Dr. Abolghasem Moniri, Dr. of Hospital; Dr. Shams-al-Din Aflatooni, Quarantine Physician
Bandar Abbas: Dr. Ali Amidi, Dr. of Health Department and Quarantine
Lengeh Harbor: Dr. Abdol Allah Tabibzadeh, Dr. of Health Department and Quarantine
Khuzestan
Naseri (Ahvaz): Dr. Sohrab Barkhordar, Head of Hospital; Dr. Esmail Nazem Shahrrezai, Dr. of Health Department of Municipality
Abadan: Dr. Yad Allah Poormand, Doctor of Health Department and Head of Quarantine; Dr. Abdolhossein Kafi, Doctor of Health Department
Khoramshahr: Dr. Mehdi Ghodsi, Head of Qurantine
Shooshtar: Dr. Ali Akbar Zamani, Doctor of Health Department
Behbahan: Mirza Abolghasem Loghmanian, Doctor of Health Department
Dezfool: Dr. Mohammad Ali Ravanbakhsh, Doctor of Health Department
Hamedan
Hamedan; Dr. Mehdi Badi, Head of Health Department; Dr. Abolghasem Ravanbakhsh, Dr. of Mobile Hospital; Dr. Abdolhossein Samimi, Dr. of Mobile Hospital; Mirza Hadi Majidzadeh, Dr. of Health Department of Municipality; Dr. Dora Shirazi, Midwife of Hospital
Province of Salas
Malayer: Dr. Ata Allah Tabibzadeh, Dr. of Health department and Head of Malayer Hospital
Nahavand: Dr. Aziz Allah Tabibzadeh, Doctor of Health Department
Tuyserkan: Dr. Mirza Ebrahim Tabiban, Doctor of Health Department
Kermanshah
Kermanshah: Dr. Abdollah Mirza Jamshidi Jahansoozi, Head of Health Department; Mirza Abdolhossein Elhami, Health of Health Department of Municipality; Abol Ghasem Hakimi, Doctor of Health Department in Maslakh; Ms. Belgheis Gohari, Midwife
Lorestan
Khoram Abbad: Dr. Abbas Haghighat Khajavi, Doctor of Health Department
Boroojerd: Dr. Rooh Allah Manoochehri, Doctor of Health Department; Dr. Garagashian, Dr. of Municipality, Madame Garagashian, Midwifery of Health Department
Kurdistan
Sannandaj: Dr. Bagher Honarmand, Head of Health Department; Mr. Daniel Moein Amini, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality
Isfahan
Isfahan: Dr. Seyed Abdol Ali Tabibi, Head of Health Department and Shafai Hospital
Yazd: Dr. Mohammad Taheri, Head of Health Department; Mirza Masih Marvasti, Doctor of Health Department; Abdol Rasool Pajohoma, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality
Kashan: Dr. Abdollah Sina, Head of Health Department; Hassan Ali Kalai, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality
Qom: Dr. Mahmood Modarreszadeh, Doctor of Health Department; Mirza Sad-al-Hokama, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality
Arak: Dr. Seyed Mohammad Hanjani, Doctor of Health Department; Gholamhossein Saraji, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality
Golpayegan, Khansar, and Khomein
Golpayegan: Mirza Mahmood Ashraghi, Doctor of Health Department
Khansar: Mohammad Zahrai, Doctor of Health Department
Khomein: Mirza Ali Vosooghi, Doctor of Health Department
Zanjan: Dr. Nader Nadershahi, Doctor of Health Department; Dr. Hakimian, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality; Dr. Navai, Dr. of Health Department of Municipality
Qazvin: Dr. Ahmad Azar Noosh, Doctor of Health Department
Gilan
Rasth: Dr. Ali Shafa, Doctor of Health Department; Dr. Hossein Moghadam, Surgeon of Charity Hospital; Dr. Seyed Hossein Mir Taghi Of, Head of Medical Department; Dr. Vartan, Rehabilitation Therapist; Saadat Zolkheir, Rehabilitation Therapist; Dr. Rooben Teymoorazov, Rehabilitation Therapist; Zahra Sabet, Midwife of Municipality
Anzali Harbor: Dr. Abolfazl Abbasazadeh, Doctor of Health of Department and the Head of Quarantine; Dr. Abbas Naimi, Surgeon of Hospital; Dr. Manoochehr Hedayat, Head of Medical Department of Hospital; Dr. Vostokov, Dr. of Municipality and Biologist; Ms. Mansooreh Khatibloo, Midwife of Municipality
Lahijan: Dr. Ahmad Siasi, Doctor of Health Department; Dr. Alireza Pakpour, Doctor of Municipality; Ms. Masoomeh Adel, Midwife of Municipality
Langrood: Dr. Abdolrashid Safai, Doctor of Health Department; Mirza Mohammad Sigaroodi, Doctor of Municipality
Mazandaran
Sari: Dr. Aram Khajatoorians, Doctor of Health Department; Mirza Abdollah Fakhimi, Doctor of Municipality
Babol: Dr. Hossein Ehsan, Doctor and Surgeon of Hospital; Dr. Hossein Khosoosi, Head of Medical Department; Dr. Foroogh Allah Basari, Doctor of Municipality; Ms. Legh Etehadieh Rashti, Midwife of Municipality
Gorgan: Dr. Abbas Sepehr, Gaurdian of Healht Department; Mirza Abdollah Akhbari, Doctor of Health Department
Semnan
Semnan: Mirza Ali Montakheb-al-Ateba, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality
Shahrood: Dr. Roohi Alizadeh Parvini, Doctor of Health Department; Dr. Mirza Seyed Jafar Zarin Alaj, Doctor of Health Department of Municipality
Damghan: Dr. Seyed Hossein Tayar Tabib Tayar, Doctor of Health Department
A summary of the Whole Country`s health report
This report is written on the extent of the Country`s health sector and the government`s efforts to maintain public health. According to the report, cholera spread to Rafsanjan on May 2. The head of Kerman`s Health Department informed the National Health Department that in Kamalabad, Rahmatabad, and rural areas of Rafsanjan, some people with nausea and diarrhea has been observed and he has been referred to Rafsanjan for investigation and diagnosis. The Head of Health department in Rafsanjan reported that diarrhea and nausea are thought to be simple and they may be caused by eating berries and corrosive meat. However, on May 4, again, some telegrams were received from Rafsanjan saying that: “Because the disease has spread to Kamalabad, and with a microscopic examination, it seems to be cholera, in order to establish a definitive diagnosis, for caution, patients were separated and the contaminated area was isolated and quarantine condition was established” [6].
The health Council was convened in the National Health Council from May 5 on the necessity of the urgent, serious, thorough investigation of the disease and salience in the decisions to be taken. In order to diagnose the disease, according to scientific and technical principles and according to health council, on May 6, a microbiologist, Dr. Mashoof, from Pasteur institute went to Rafsanjan. Dr. Mashoof arrived there with airplane with other three doctors on the same day with some equipment, vaccine, medicine and disinfectants and went to Rafsanjan immediately. Thirteen physicians isolated the patients at their home to disrupt the spread of disease and disinfected their home. The contaminated rural areas were also isolated by the militants and their commuting was banned. Dr. Mashoof sent a telegraph on May 7 that the basil has been observed in the microscopic examination and the area of Rafsanjan is suspected. On May 10, Dr. Mashoof Telegraphed the microbial agglutination was explicit and positive and is one in five hundred. However, there is no doubt about the existence of cholera anymore. In the health council, the existence of Cholera was confirmed by reading the reports.
In the city of Rafsanjan, and in the surrounding area, in order to prevent it, and the cities of Kerman, Yazd, Babak and Anarak, for caution, inoculation was carried out. In Bandar Abbas, because of the observation that some people had suffered from nausea and diarrhea in the week ending May 7, the Doctor of Health Department and Quarantine was ordered to undergo medical examination.
Since on May 9, the existence of cholera was determined by the microbiological examination, Bandar Abbas Health Department, and the Head of Total South Quarantines were ordered to establish telegraphic relation with Kerman Health Department and to be fully involved in the course of disease and health practice so that prevent the disease to spread into the ports. Between Kerman and Rafsanjan, as well as Jalal Abad, quarantines ware established.
The delivery of medicine and vaccines against cholera and other medical supplies was initiated at the beginning of disease two times by airplane and three times with a car. In addition, everyday essential vaccines and medicine were sent by post. The amount of vaccine that was sent exceeded 200,000 doses. The vaccines that were sent were made by Pasteur Institute of Tehran. The number of patients and deaths from the onset of disease to the end of it were 160 and 77 respectively, and others were treated. The number of inoculation that was carried out in the cities of Rafsanjan, Serjan, Kerman, Babak, Anar, and other areas and neighborhood rural areas from May 7 to June 2, totaled 5146 people in the first run and 43463 in the second run.
The source of the disease was through a traveler arriving from India who was in good health but the carrier of the disease without having any apparent symptom. He brought the germ of disease to Kerman and Rafsanjan and cause it to spread.
The severity of disease was from May 6 to May 12, and with the disinfection and quarantine of the illness and the prohibition of the contact with contaminated rural areas, it did not spread to other places. From May 23, no case of disease was observed in Rafsanjan. In the contaminated rural area, the last person was infected with the disease on May 25 in the Noosh Abad village who was treated, and on May 27^th, the last person was died with the disease in Lahijan village. Up to 15 days after the disease of the last person, operations, investigations and health care continued, and as nobody was infected with the disease until June 12, the end of the disease was announced and the medical treatment was stopped. The delegated physicians gradually returned and the incidence and severity of the disease, and its termination were regularly reported to the authorities of the country and international health institutes as soon as possible [6].
Organizational structure of National Health Department at the time of Dr. Colonieh presidency
Since the year 1932 the organizational structure of the National Health Department was as follows: Dr. General Colonieh, Head of National Health Department; Mirza Saeed Majdi, Deputy of National Health Department; Dr. Yousef Bozorgmehr (Azim-al-Saltaneh), Head of Technical Department and General vaccination; Dr. Reza Sehat Hakimzadeh (Sehat-al-Saltaneh), Head of Personnel and Audit Office; Mirza Ebrahim Olfat, Head of Cabinet; Mirza Mohammad Dolabi, Head of Computing.
Border Health Affairs
According to reports from quarantine ports of Persian Gulf in Bushehr, after considering the existence of plague in Mumbai, ships which are coming from India, have to been quarantined for a period of time. Also, planes arrived from India were subject to medical examination. The number of arrived ships to Bushehr from Mumbai, Europe, Basra, and domestic ports are 106, 63, 131 and 20 respectively. The total number of passengers who have spent the quarantine is 294. The number of planes arrived to Bushehr from Europe and Asian countries are 131 and 132 respectively.
The number of ships arrived to Khoramshahr during the whole year from Iraq, Indea, and Europe is 216, 104, and 37 respectively. Then number of sailing ship is 44 during this time and the number of passengers who spent quarantine is 1129.
The number of ships arrived to Bandar abbas throughout the year is 22, 5, 8 and 21 from Iraq, domestic ports, Europe, and Asia respectively.
The ships entered Hengam Island throughout the year were 7, 7, 4, 10, and 3 delegated, business, oil and charcoal, warship and different ships respectively.
The Quarantines of the Caspian Sea Coast
1. Port of Pahlavi: The ships arrived at Pahlavi Port during the year was 345, out of which 146 were cargo ship without passengers and 100 were passenger ship. The total number of passengers was 3797, which generally received medical examination and were discharged because of no illness. These ships often came from Baku to Pahlavi Port, except a few that came from Haji Tokhan and Petroski Ports directly from Russia.
2. Astara: As Astara was connected to foreign countries both with sea and land, the quarantine method there are both see and land quarantine. The number of ships that arrived during the year was 68 that 20 came from Pahlavi Port and 60 came from Russia. The number of passengers came to Astara through see and lands were 1588 and 1738 respectively. Since no one was diagnosed with the diseases listed in international health contract, they were released and discharged [7].
Sexually transmitted diseases
The newspaper “Shafagh” in relation to sexually transmitted diseases in 1933 states: “Both physicians in Tehran and other provinces agree that the number of sexually transmitted diseases and prostitutes have been increased. The ways to prevent these diseases are: 1-individual disinfection measures, 2-social measurements such as the establishment of treatment centers, the regulation of prostitution, the intermittent examination of some young people, 3- Education and awareness of the public through advertisement. Therefore, the actions recently proposed by the Capital Health Commission recently, should be first implemented in Tehran and then in provinces. The summary of these suggestions consists of arranging the regulations for the work of prostitutes , regular examination of prostitutes, analyzing and treating the diseases in the hospitals to resolve their illness, periodic examination of some young people, facilitating access to doctors and treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, providing advice and instructions to protect people [8]”.
Two documents from the National Library of Iran
In the end, we will deal with two documents from the National Library of Iran which refer to various subjects in our focused area:
Child Mortality: The proportion of child mortality cannot be determined, except by providing sufficient statistics. The causes of the death f children, as what I witnessed during my examination, are not clearly well known.
The cause of the deaths of children is different from one area to others, depending on the ignorance and poverty of mothers, the lack of nutrition of mothers due to poverty, local native diseases (malaria), and the development of social diseases (tuberculosis and syphilis). Child mortality is mostly is mostly because of nausea and diarrhea. The fight against child mortality, initiated by admirable Red Cross, should be developed by protecting women during pregnancy and postpartum, setting up special clinics for pregnant women before and during pregnancy, and treating of infants in state and private national institutes.
Health workers: The number of free physicians and physicians who work full-time for the government is enough in Tehran and the center of provinces. Among them, there are experts who often have satisfactory information. In cities other than Tehran, some experts, such as microbiologists and psychologists, etc. are not found. Contrary to a large number of different jobs and even important ones, these cities do not have free or employed physicians, and there is no voluntary for these areas. Perhaps, the reason is a few salary in these areas. I will try to resolve this issue by sending mobile physicians under the supervision of health department.
The return of young physicians studying in Europe and the increase in the number of students who graduate from Tehran School of Medicine will allow the ongoing rectification of the deficiencies of the provinces. With regard to Iranian medical students in Europe, I would like to draw the remarkable attention to the fact that the encouragement of them through the grants and providing occupations in accordance to their efforts will be extremely used and effective, whether through employing or contracting them. For instance, a physician who is graduated from one of the European Universities, should have a higher position in compared to the one who is graduated from Tehran Medical School. Also, the interns and externs of the cities which have universities should be more encouraged. I propose that the rating of physicians at the time of official employment (which will be determined by the government) be as follows:
-Grade one for the physician graduated from the European Universities
- Grade two for the physician graduate from the European University and has served in a hospital in a city with university for two year
-Grade three for physician graduated from a European university and served in a hospital in the city which has university as intern for two years.
-Grade four for physician graduated from a European university and has been served as intern for four years.
-Grade six for a physician who has been appointed as professor of medicine
A person who has received a two-year grace and satisfaction certificate at the Pasteur Institute or its institutes, or madhouse, etc., will receive the benefits of payment based on two years working.
Although I do not know the extent of the country`s need for specialists, I believe that the following ranking should be considered for the following physicians:
-Second grade physician for a person specialized in microbiology
-Second grade physician for a specialist in malaria or entomology (in the mosquito sector)
-Third grade physician for a specialist in treatment of the mad
-First grade physician for a specialist in neurology
-Second grade physician for an optometrist
-Second grade physician for a specialist in ENT
-Second grade physician for a genital diseases specialist
-Second grade physician for a specialist in thoracic diseases
-Second grade physician for specialist in midwifery and maternity diseases
-Second grade physician for specialist in gastric diseases
It would be useful if these future professional have experience of working in hospitals.
Pharmacist and midwives: pharmacists and midwives in Tehran are not willing to leave the capital and go to the provinces. This is while there is no employed or free pharmacist and midwife in the provinces. Therefore, provinces do not care much about providing prescriptions, and the delivery of pregnant women is to the hands of midwives who are deprived from the rules of cleanliness and disinfection, and because of that, the incidence of childbirth and the resulting complications are high. Teaching of primary principles of cleaning have not apparently yielded significant results. Therefore, for now, as long as graduated midwives are not willing to go to provinces, there should be facilities for those women who have a lot of experience to work under the supervision of doctors. They should be forced to educate in field of midwifery and only work with certificate. Examination of qualified midwifery should be compulsory. The examination should be administrated among women who have worked in Women`s state or private hospitals at least for 2 years. If they passed the exam, they would be given a certificate.
These authorized midwives will only have the right to work in the province where they have work or in the neighborhood provinces depending on local needs.
Male and female nurses: Male and female nurses have no practical experience and there is no wonder because they do not have essential primary knowledge. With the establishment of new hospitals which have equipment and right organization, they will have the change of being practically taught.
Delegate nurses: if 5 or 6 girls from families who have appropriate knowledge, go to Europe and be taught how to nurse the patients in the houses of people who have high social or medical position, that would be very effective. These girls in their return to Iran, would be the teachers of other nurses.
Health Institutes, Tehran Hospitals
Apart from Army hospitals (200 beds), there are three state hospitals, a municipality hospital, and three military hosptials with 120, 50, and 50 beds respectively. These hospitals has free clinics as well. Besides these hospitals, there are an American Hospital (50 beds) and a Russian Hospital (40 beds) for the patients which are both free and with charge. Finally, there are three small private hospitals which charge the patients and are managed with Iranian physicians and they totally have 50 beds. The number of beds in both state and private hospitals is not enough for people in Tehran; especially, we should consider that many people come from other cities to Tehran for treatment and they are added to patients in Tehran. It should be noted that the running of state hospitals is expensive and their revenue is few because a lot of people get salary from the hospital.
Children’s Hospital: Tehran only has a charity with 40 beds. Therefore, a special hospital should be predicted for children according to update principles. Due to the variety of diseases in the children, this hospital should have special organization. The Red Cross decides to establish an institute for this purpose near the capital; if this is done, there would be no need for other hospital for this purpose.
A hospital for sexually transmitted diseases
It would be useful if there was a special hospital for hospitalization of patients with sexually transmitted diseases. This hospital should have more accurate and severe systems.
An institute for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases: in the section of hospitals, the need for establishment of a hospital for patients with sexually transmitted diseases is mentioned. However, the development of syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases in Iran requires an institute to be established to prevent the sexually transmitted diseases using the method of treating syphilis presented by Dr. Vern. The method presented by Dr. Vern is based on the reaction of a fluid which is a simple method and is done with simple equipment.
The severity and fluid of blood serum or spinal fluid which is determined by special kit is the basis of diagnosis and treatment. Based on this method, syphilis can be prevented and treated and have a successful result. The Institute for Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Paris under the supervision of Dr. Vern, has confirmed its benefits in 1916 and it has established different branches in many points of the world.
An institute for prevention of sexually transmitted diseases in Tehran, would be involved with treatment of other diseases besides syphilis. This instituted would be under the chairmanship of one of young Iranian physicians educating in France; provided that this physician become specialized in sexually transmitted diseases and become expert in Dr. Vern method in practice.
Maternal Hospital: The beds which are allocated for the women`s delivery in the state and private hospitals do not exceed 30 beds. Therefore, in a new hospital, special department should be considered as maternal department.
Midwifery school: The graduates of midwifery school are theoretically knowledgeable. However, they are not practically expert since the number of delivery is very limited in the maternal department that they work. The maternity department predicted for the new hospital will satisfy this need” [9, 10].
Conclusion
Agent` reports on every ground can be viewed as the first class source in scientific discussions, especially in cross-sectional and local history, and act as a signal for the researchers. The report of Dr. Colonieh, Head of National Health Department of Iran, follows precisely the same principle since he has written and presented the state of the health of the country during years 1932 to 1934.
Acknowledgements
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Ethical permissions
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Conflict of interests
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Contribution of authors
Ali Karimian (First author), all affairs of the article has been carried out by him (100%).
Financial support
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