Introduction: Until 1928, the midwifery school was not stable in case of organizational structure. Sometimes, it was under the authority of municipality, interior ministry, and ministry of education and fine arts, and in a period of time, it was under the supervision of ministry of education in terms of science and education and under the supervision of interior ministry in terms of structure and budget allocation. The aim of this study was to develop a cohesive history on the evolution of midwifery school and to present a more accurate history of the midwifery education until the establishment of the higher school of obstetrics, using archival documents.
Conclusion: Until 1928, the midwifery school had no regulations and statutes, and on February 7, 1930, its regulations were approved by the Supreme Council of Education, and the school became one of the branches of the School of Medicine under the supervision of ministry of health. On April 4, 1936, the Iranian Academy of the Arts began its activities in order to edit Persian words to avoid non-Persian language, and on May 16, 1937, based on the suggestion of municipality, the term "midwife" (Ghabele) was changed to "obstetrician" (Mama). Subsequently, the name of midwifery school was changed to the higher school of obstetrics and it was developed with the new name and management in terms of organization and education. At the beginning of its establishment, the midwifery school had some shortcomings in passing from the traditional to the classical educational practices and it was gradually becoming an official educational institution with statute, regulations, and curriculum that set the foundation for the establishment of higher school of obstetrics and, then, nursing and midwifery faculties.